writeInsertRoot.C

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/*
                          Aleph_w
 
  Data structures & Algorithms
  version 2.0.0b
  https://github.com/lrleon/Aleph-w
 
  This file is part of Aleph-w library
 
  Copyright (c) 2002-2026 Leandro Rabindranath Leon
 
  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 
  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
  SOFTWARE.
*/
 
 
# include <ctime>
# include <iostream>
# include <fstream>
# include <tclap/CmdLine.h>
# include <aleph.H>
# include <tpl_binNode.H>
# include <tpl_binNodeUtils.H>
 
using namespace std;
using namespace Aleph;
 
ofstream output;
 
static void printNode(BinNode<int>* node, int, int)
{
  output << node->get_key() << " ";
}
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  try
    {
      TCLAP::CmdLine cmd(
        "Demonstrate root insertion in BST.\n"
        "Shows how root insertion maintains recently inserted elements near the root.",
        ' ', "1.0");
 
      TCLAP::ValueArg<int> nArg("n", "count",
                                 "Number of elements",
                                 false, 20, "int");
      cmd.add(nArg);
 
      TCLAP::ValueArg<unsigned int> seedArg("s", "seed",
                                             "Random seed (0 = use time)",
                                             false, 0, "unsigned int");
      cmd.add(seedArg);
 
      cmd.parse(argc, argv);
 
      int n = nArg.getValue();
      unsigned int t = seedArg.getValue();
 
      if (t == 0)
        t = time(nullptr);
 
      srand(t);
 
      cout << "=== Root Insertion Demo ===" << endl;
      cout << "Elements: " << n << ", Seed: " << t << endl << endl;
 
      // Open output file
      output.open("insert_root-aux.Tree", ios::out);
      if (!output.is_open())
        {
          cerr << "Error: cannot open output file" << endl;
          return 1;
        }
 
      BinNode<int>* root = nullptr;
      int inserted_count = 0;
      int last_inserted = -1;
 
      cout << "Inserting values: ";
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
          int value = static_cast<int>(10.0 * n * rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
 
          BinNode<int>* p = new BinNode<int>(value);
          
          // insert_root returns nullptr if duplicate
          while (Aleph::insert_root(root, p) == nullptr)
            {
              KEY(p) = static_cast<int>(10.0 * n * rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
            }
 
          cout << KEY(p) << " ";
          last_inserted = KEY(p);
          inserted_count++;
        }
      cout << endl << endl;
 
      assert(check_bst(root));
 
      cout << "Statistics:" << endl;
      cout << "  Items inserted: " << inserted_count << endl;
      cout << "  Tree height: " << computeHeightRec(root) << endl;
      cout << "  Last inserted (should be root): " << last_inserted << endl;
      cout << "  Actual root: " << KEY(root) << endl;
      
      if (KEY(root) == last_inserted)
        cout << "  [OK] Root is the last inserted element" << endl;
      else
        cout << "  [Note] Root may have changed due to rotations" << endl;
 
      // Write preorder traversal
      preOrderRec(root, printNode);
      output << endl;
      output.close();
 
      cout << endl << "Generated file:" << endl;
      cout << "  - insert_root-aux.Tree" << endl;
 
      destroyRec(root);
    }
  catch (TCLAP::ArgException& e)
    {
      cerr << "Error: " << e.error() << " for arg " << e.argId() << endl;
      return 1;
    }
 
  return 0;
}